rman 복구 시나리오1

OS환경 : Oracle Linux6.8(64bit)

DB 환경 : Oracle Database 10.2.0.4

방법 : rman 복구 시나리오1

1. RMAN 처음 사용할 경우 환경설정 작업

RMAN은 archive mode에서만 백업이 된다.

아카이브 모드 설정

SQL> STARTUP MOUNT
SQL> ALTER DATABASE ARCHIVELOG;
SQL> ARCHVIE LOG LIST
Database log mode              Archive Mode
Automatic archival             Enabled
Archive destination            /oracle/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/arch
Oldest online log sequence     1
Next log sequence to archive   1
Current log sequence           1
SQL> ALTER DATABASE OPEN;

RMAN 접속

$ rman target / nocatalog 
또는 
$ rman target /

RMAN에서는 configure 명령어로 파라미터를 수정함

device 에 대한 channel 을 설정

RMAN> configure channel device type disk format '/oracle/app/oracle/backup/orcl_%U';

controlfile Auto backup channel 설정

RMAN> CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP FORMAT FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO '/oracle/app/oracle/backup/control/%F';

Backup 최적화 option

RMAN> CONFIGURE BACKUP OPTIMIZATION ON;

controlfile Auto Backup 설정

RMAN> CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP ON;

백업보관주기 설정

RMAN> configure retention policy to recovery window of 5 days;

모든 설정 확인

RMAN> show all
CONFIGURE RETENTION POLICY TO RECOVERY WINDOW OF 5 DAYS;
CONFIGURE BACKUP OPTIMIZATION ON;
CONFIGURE DEFAULT DEVICE TYPE TO DISK; # default
CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP ON;
CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP FORMAT FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO '/oracle/app/oracle/backup/control/%F';
CONFIGURE DEVICE TYPE DISK PARALLELISM 1 BACKUP TYPE TO BACKUPSET; # default
CONFIGURE DATAFILE BACKUP COPIES FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO 1; # default
CONFIGURE ARCHIVELOG BACKUP COPIES FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO 1; # default
CONFIGURE CHANNEL DEVICE TYPE DISK FORMAT   '/oracle/app/oracle/backup/orcl_%U';
CONFIGURE MAXSETSIZE TO UNLIMITED; # default
CONFIGURE ENCRYPTION FOR DATABASE OFF; # default
CONFIGURE ENCRYPTION ALGORITHM 'AES128'; # default
CONFIGURE ARCHIVELOG DELETION POLICY TO NONE; # default
CONFIGURE SNAPSHOT CONTROLFILE NAME TO '/oracle/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/snapcf_orcl.f'; # default

2. full 백업 진행

RMAN> backup as compressed backupset database spfile plus archivelog delete input; 

3. system01.dbf datafile 삭제

$ rm -rf /oracle/app/oracle/oradata/system01.dbf

4. DB 재기동

SQL> SHUTDOWN ABORT
SQL> STARTUP
ORACLE instance started.
 
Total System Global Area  285212672 bytes
Fixed Size                  2095704 bytes
Variable Size              88081832 bytes
Database Buffers          188743680 bytes
Redo Buffers                6291456 bytes
Database mounted.
ORA-01157: cannot identify/lock data file 1 - see DBWR trace file
ORA-01110: data file 1: '/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/system01.dbf'

에러발생

5. RMAN에서 복구

RMAN에서 datafile 번호 확인

RMAN> list backup;    
 
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
 
List of Backup Sets
===================
 
BS Key  Type LV Size       Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
5       Full    320.02M    DISK        00:00:03     08-FEB-18      
        BP Key: 5   Status: AVAILABLE  Compressed: NO  Tag: TAG20180208T161325
        Piece Name: /oracle/app/oracle/backup/orcl_0asqno95_1_1
  List of Datafiles in backup set 5
  File LV Type Ckp SCN    Ckp Time  Name
  ---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----
  1       Full 269595     08-FEB-18 /oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/system01.dbf
  2       Full 269595     08-FEB-18 /oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/undotbs01.dbf
  3       Full 269595     08-FEB-18 /oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/sysaux01.dbf
  4       Full 269595     08-FEB-18 /oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/users01.dbf
  5       Full 269595     08-FEB-18 /oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/jshts01.dbf
 
BS Key  Type LV Size       Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
6       Full    6.80M      DISK        00:00:00     08-FEB-18      
        BP Key: 6   Status: AVAILABLE  Compressed: NO  Tag: TAG20180208T161332
        Piece Name: /oracle/app/oracle/backup/control/c-1491144423-20180208-01
  Control File Included: Ckp SCN: 269602       Ckp time: 08-FEB-18
  SPFILE Included: Modification time: 08-FEB-18

 system01.dbf는 1번 파일임을 확인할수 있다. (사실 위에 startup 시에도 datafile 번호가 나옴)

restore 진행(정상적인 파일 다시 부어주는 작업)

RMAN> restore datafile 1;
 
Starting restore at 08-FEB-18
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: sid=156 devtype=DISK
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backupset restore
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
restoring datafile 00001 to /oracle/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/system01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /oracle/app/oracle/backup/orcl_0asqno95_1_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1
piece handle=/oracle/app/oracle/backup/orcl_0asqno95_1_1 tag=TAG20180208T161325
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:04
Finished restore at 08-FEB-18

recover 진행(부어진 파일에서 문제있는 부분을 복구하는 작업)

RMAN>recover datafile 1;
Starting recover at 08-FEB-18
using channel ORA_DISK_1
 
starting media recovery
media recovery complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
 
Finished recover at 08-FEB-18

6.DB 오픈 시켜서 정상동작 확인

RMAN> sql 'alter database open';
 
sql statement: alter database open
 
RMAN> exit
oracle> sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL> SELECT INSTANCE_NAME, STATUS FROM V$INSTANCE;
 
INSTANCE_NAME    STATUS
---------------- ------------
orcl             OPEN
 
1 row selected.

참조 : 굿어스 기술노트 40회 RMAN