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OS 환경 : AIX 7.2 (64bit)

 

DB 환경 : Oracle Database 19.27.0.0

 

방법 : AIX nmon 명령어를 이용한 시스템 자원 모니터링

AIX에서 CPU와 메모리 사용률을 확인할 때 일반적으로 topas 명령어를 많이 사용함
topas는 별도의 옵션 없이 바로 실행할 수 있고 CPU, 메모리, 디스크, 네트워크, 프로세스 등의 정보를 한 화면에서 확인할 수 있어 간단한 상태 점검에 유용함
다만 topas는 화면에 표시되는 항목이 정해져 있어 CPU와 메모리 사용률을 그래프 형태로 확인하면서 CPU 사용률이 높은 프로세스를 함께 확인하려는 경우 다소 불편할 수 있음
이 경우 nmon 명령어를 사용하면 필요한 항목을 선택하여 한 화면에 표시할 수 있음
nmon을 이용하면 CPU, 메모리, Paging Space, 디스크 I/O, 네트워크, LPAR 정보, 상위 프로세스 등의 정보를 실시간으로 확인할 수 있고 일정 시간 동안 파일로 수집하여 사후 분석에도 사용할 수 있음

 

 

기본 사용법
nmon 실행

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$ nmon
┌──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
│  ------------------------------                                                      
│  N    N  M    M   OOOO   N    N   For online help type: h                            
│  NN   N  MM  MM  O    O  NN   N   For command line option help:                      
│  N N  N  M MM M  O    O  N N  N      quick-hint  nmon -?                             
│  N  N N  M    M  O    O  N  N N    full-details  nmon -h                             
│  N   NN  M    M  O    O  N   NN   To start nmon the same way every time?             
│  N    N  M    M   OOOO   N    N    set NMON ksh variable, for example:               
│  ------------------------------    export NMON=cmt                                   
│    TOPAS_NMON                                                                        
│                              96 - CPUs currently                                     
│                              96 - CPUs configured                                    
│                            3525 - MHz CPU clock rate (press 'r' for current MHz)     
│                  PowerPC_POWER8 - Processor                                          
│                          64 bit - Hardware                                           
│                          64 bit - Kernel                                             
│                      1,68-7538X - Logical Partition                                  
│                  7.2.5.105 TL05 - AIX Kernel Version                                 
│                         aixdb01 - Hostname                                           
│                         aixdb01 - Node/WPAR Name                                     
│                         687538X - Serial Number                                      
│                    IBM,8286-42A - Machine Type                                       

 

 

nmon을 실행한 뒤 h 키를 누르면 사용할 수 있는 단축키와 옵션을 확인할 수 있음
각 항목은 해당 키를 누르면 화면에 표시되고 같은 키를 다시 누르면 화면에서 제거됨

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(h 입력)
┌─HELP─────────most-keys-toggle-on/off───────────────────────────────────────────────────────
│h = Help information     q = Quit nmon             0 = reset peak counts                    
+ = double refresh time  - = half refresh          r = ResourcesCPU/HW/MHz/AIX              
│c = CPU by processor     C = upto 1536 CPUs        p = LPAR Stats (if LPAR)                 
│l = CPU avg longer term  k = Kernel Internal                                                
│# = PhysicalCPU if SPLPAR --> Applicable only in c,C,v,l panels                             
│m = Memory & Paging      M = Multiple Page Sizes   P = Paging Space                         
│d = DiskI/O Graphs       D = DiskIO +Service times o = Disks %Busy Map                      
│a = Disk Adapter         e = ESS vpath stats       V = Volume Group stats                   
│^ = FC Adapter (fcstat)  O = VIOS SEA (entstat)    v = Verbose=OK/Warn/Danger               
│n = Network stats        N = NFS stats (NN for v4) j = JFS Usage stats                      
│A = Async I/O Servers    w = see AIX wait procs   "=" = Net/Disk KB<-->MB                   
│b = black&white mode     g = User-Defined-Disk-Groups (see cmdline -g)                      
│t = Top-Process --->     1=basic 2=CPU-Use 3=CPU(default) 4=Size 5=Disk-I/O                 
│u = Top+cmd arguments    U = Top+WLM Classes       . = only busy disks & procs              
│W = WLM Section          S = WLM SubClasses        @ = Workload Partition(WPAR)             
│[ = Start ODR            ] = Stop ODR              i = Top-Thread                           
│~ = Switch to topas screen                                                                  
│Need more details?  Then stop nmon and use: nmon -?                                         

help 창이 표시됨

 

 

대표적인 nmon 단축키
h : 도움말 화면을 표시함
c : CPU별 사용률을 표시함
C : CPU 개수가 많은 시스템에서 전체 CPU 사용률을 큰 화면으로 표시함
m : 메모리 사용률과 페이징 관련 정보를 표시함
P : Paging Space 사용 현황을 표시함
d : 디스크별 사용률과 처리량을 표시함
D : 디스크의 상세 I/O 정보를 표시함
n : 네트워크 인터페이스별 송수신량을 표시함
t : CPU와 메모리 사용량이 높은 프로세스를 표시함
p : LPAR, Entitled Capacity, Physical CPU 등의 정보를 표시함
j : 파일시스템 사용률을 표시함
r : 서버명, AIX 버전, CPU, 메모리 등의 시스템 정보를 표시함
q : nmon을 종료함

 

 

Top Process 화면 모드
nmon 실행 후 t 키를 누르면 CPU와 메모리를 많이 사용하는 프로세스 목록을 확인할 수 있음

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(t 입력)
┌─topas_nmon──r=Resources────────Host=aixdb01────────Refresh=2 secs───17:08.14──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│ Top-Processes-(1115) ────Mode=3  [1=Basic 2=CPU 3=Perf 4=Size 5=I/6=Cmds]───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────│
│  PID       %CPU     Size      Res     Res      Res     Char    RAM      Paging         Command                                                                    │
│            Used       KB      Set     Text     Data     I/O     Use   io   other repage                                                                           │
│ 9765130    44.9    14308    14240      564    13676       46    0%      0  75662      0 topas_nmon                                                                │
│ 2425330     0.0      512      512        0      512        0    0%      0      0      0 wlmsched                                                                  │
│ 2490632     0.0        0        0        0        0        0    0%      0      0      0 <defunct Zombie>                                                          │
│ 2556188     0.0     1236      976      116      860        0    0%      0      0      0 errdemon                                                                  │
│ 2621710     0.0      448      448        0      448        0    0%      0      0      0 memp_rbd                                                                  │
│ 2687362     0.0      448      448        0      448        0    0%      0      0      0 j2gt                                                                      │
│ 2752810     0.0      448      448        0      448        0    0%      0      0      0 lvmbb                                                                     │
│ 2818356     0.0      448      448        0      448        0    0%      0      0      0 j2gt                                                                      │
│ 2883896     0.0    12736    12736        0    12736        0    0%      0      0      0 dog                                                                       │
│ 2949546     0.0     1976      972      248      724        0    0%      0      0      0 clcomd                                                                    │
│ 3014974     0.0      448      448        0      448        0    0%      0      0      0 MUSENT Kproc                                                              │
│ 3146054     0.0      448      448        0      448        0    0%      0      0      0 MUSENT Kproc                                                              │
│ 3211640     0.0     1636     1104      256      848        0    0%      0      0      0 snmpmibd                                                                  │
│ 3342790     0.0      636      596      252      344        0    0%      0      0      0 xntpd                                                                     │
│ 3408282     0.0      820      676       52      624        0    0%      0      0      0 syslogd                                                                   │
│ 3539384     0.0     1196      668       56      612        0    0%      0      0      0 pfcdaemon                                                                 │
│ 3604960     0.0     6268     6716      960     5756        0    0%      0      0      0 IBM.MgmtDomainRMd                                                         │
│ 3670302     0.0   397560   212740   200576    12164        0    1%      0      0      0 oracle                                                                    │
│ 3801524     0.0      448      448        0      448        0    0%      0      0      0 local_sa                                                                  │
│ 3866946     0.0   412376   285064   273280    11784        0    1%      0      0      0 oracle                                                                    │
│ 3932630     0.0      448      448        0      448        0    0%      0      0      0 smcr_mmc_wq                                                               │
│ 4063708     0.0     1216     1216        0     1216        0    0%      0      0      0 rpc.lockd                                                                 │
│ 4129266     0.0   404664   219844   200576    19268        0    1%      0      0      0 oracle                                                                    │
│ 4260330     0.0      448      448        0      448        0    0%      0      0      0 URH-END-IO-Handler                                                        │
│ 4325868     0.0      448      448        0      448        0    0%      0      0      0 URH-END-IO-Handler                                                        │
│ 4391406     0.0      448      448        0      448        0    0%      0      0      0 URH-END-IO-Handler                                                        │
│ 4456946     0.0      448      448        0      448        0    0%      0      0      0 URH-END-IO-Handler                                                        │
│ 4522490     0.0      448      448        0      448        0    0%      0      0      0 URH-END-IO-Handler                                                        │
│ 4588030     0.0      448      448        0      448        0    0%      0      0      0 URH-END-IO-Handler                                                        │
│ 4653318     0.0      448      448        0      448        0    0%      0      0      0 URH-END-IO-Handler                                                        │
│ 4718856     0.0      448      448        0      448        0    0%      0      0      0 URH-END-IO-Handler                                                        │
│ 4784396     0.0      448      448        0      448        0    0%      0      0      0 URH-END-IO-Handler                                                        │
│ 4849936     0.0      448      448        0      448        0    0%      0      0      0 URH-END-IO-Handler                                                        │
│ 4915492     0.0      448      448        0      448        0    0%      0      0      0 URH-END-IO-Handler                                                        │
│ 4981032     0.0      448      448        0      448        0    0%      0      0      0 URH-END-IO-Handler                                                        │
│ 5046570     0.0      448      448        0      448        0    0%      0      0      0 URH-END-IO-Handler                                                        │
│ 5112108     0.0      448      448        0      448        0    0%      0      0      0 URH-END-IO-Handler                                                        │
│ 5177646     0.0      448      448        0      448        0    0%      0      0      0 URH-END-IO-Handler                                                        │
│ 5243184     0.0      448      448        0      448        0    0%      0      0      0 URH-END-IO-Handler                                                        │
│ 5308722     0.0      448      448        0      448        0    0%      0      0      0 URH-END-IO-Handler                                                        │
└───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
 

Top Process 화면에서는 숫자 키를 이용하여 표시 방식을 변경할 수 있음
1 : 기본 프로세스 정보를 표시함
2 : CPU 사용률 중심으로 표시함
3 : CPU, 메모리, I/O 정보를 포함한 성능 정보를 표시함
4 : 프로세스의 메모리 크기 정보를 표시함
5 : 프로세스별 I/O 정보를 표시함
6 : 프로세스의 실행 명령어를 표시함
CPU 사용률이 높은 프로세스를 확인하려면 t 키를 누른 뒤 2 또는 3 키를 사용하면 됨

 

 

CPU, 메모리, 프로세스를 한 화면에서 확인

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$ nmon -B -s 2

nmon -B -s 2 옵션 설명
nmon : nmon을 실시간 화면 모드로 실행함
-B : 각 모니터링 항목에 표시되는 박스 테두리를 제거함
-s 2 : 시스템 자원 정보를 2초마다 갱신함
-B 옵션을 사용하면 화면의 테두리가 줄어들기 때문에 CPU, 메모리, 프로세스 정보를 한 화면에 더 많이 표시할 수 있음
터미널 창의 세로 크기가 작으면 하단의 프로세스 목록이 잘릴 수 있기 때문에 터미널 창의 크기를 크게 조정해야 함

 

 

위 명령 실행 후 아래 키를 차례대로 천천히 입력함(참고로 CPU 개수가 많지 않은 시스템에서는 C 대신 c를 사용해도 됨)

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(C 입력)
(m 입력)
(t 입력)
(3 입력)

옵션 설명 :
c 또는 C : CPU 사용률을 표시함
m : 메모리 정보를 표시함
t : Top Process 정보를 표시함
3 : Top Process 화면을 성능 정보 모드로 변경함

 

 

 

실행 결과 창

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--topas_nmon--2=Top-Child-CPU----Host=aixdb01--------Refresh=2 secs---17:13.20--
  CPU-Utilisation-Large-View ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 100%+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+----+100%
 90%-|                                                                |-90%
 80%-|                                                                |-80%
 70%-|                                                                |-70%
 60%-|                                                                |-60%
 50%-|                                                                |-50%
 40%-|                                                                |-40%
 30%-|                                                                |-30%
 20%-|                                                                |-20%
 10%-|    .   .                                   .       .   .   .   |-10% ..
 CPU +1--------+10-------+20-------+30-------+40-------+50-------+60--+-Avg=LP
 100%+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+---------+----+100%
 90%-|                                                                |-90%
 80%-|                                                                |-80%
 70%-|                                                                |-70%
 60%-|                                                                |-60%
 50%-|                                                                |-50%
 40%-|                                                                |-40%
 30%-|                            s                                   |-30%
 20%-|        s           s   s   s                                   |-20%
 10%-|.       U   .   .   U   U   U                                   |-10%
 CPU +65---+70-------+80-------+90-------+100------+110------+120-----
  Memory -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
           Physical  PageSpace |        pages/sec  In     Out | FileSystemCache
 % Used       96.2%      1.1%  | to Paging Space   0.0    0.0 | (numperm) 18.6%
 % Free        3.8%     98.9%  | to File System    0.0  137.0 | Process   60.0%
 MB Used   28811.4MB   209.9MB | Page Scans        0.0        | System    17.6%
 MB Free    1140.6MB 19758.1MB | Page Cycles       0.0        | Free       3.8%
 Total(MB) 29952.0MB 19968.0MB | Page Steals       0.0        |           ------
                               | Page Faults    7847.2 .1     | Total    100.0%
 ------------------------------------------------------------ | numclient 18.6%
 Min/Maxperm     862MB(  3%)  25862MB( 90%) <--% of RAM       | maxclient 90.0%
 Min/Maxfree     960   1088       Total Virtual   48.8GB      | User      74.8%
 Min/Maxpgahead    2      8    Accessed Virtual   21.5GB 44.1%| Pinned    26.0%
                                                              | lruable pages   7356320.0
  Top-Processes-(1127) ----Mode=3  [1=Basic 2=CPU 3=Perf 4=Size 5=I/6=Cmds]---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
   PID       %CPU     Size      Res     Res      Res     Char    RAM      Paging         Command
             Used       KB      Set     Text     Data     I/O     Use   io   other repage
 11797542    57.3      868      904      308      596      143    0%      0      0      0 ksh
  8389610     7.3   177396   271036   196212    74824        0    1%      0    972      0 orarootagent.bin
 11601082     2.2   424280   296968   273280    23688        0    1%      0      0      0 oracle
 13763102     1.8   141396   141404        8   141396     1133    0%      0      2      0 osysmond.bin
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

화면 상단에는 CPU 사용률 그래프가 표시되고 중간에는 메모리 사용 현황, 하단에는 CPU 사용률이 높은 프로세스 목록이 표시됨

출력 화면은 CPU, Memory, Top Processes 영역으로 구분됨
CPU-Utilisation-Large-View 영역에서는 CPU별 User, System, Wait, Idle 사용률을 그래프 형태로 확인할 수 있음
Memory 영역에서는 Physical Memory, Paging Space, Page In, Page Out, File System Cache 등의 정보를 확인할 수 있음
Top-Processes 영역에서는 현재 CPU와 메모리를 많이 사용하는 프로세스를 확인할 수 있음

 

 

아래와 같이 Mode=3으로 표시되는 경우 CPU, 메모리, I/O 관련 정보를 함께 보여주는 성능 모드임
Top-Processes-(1127) ----Mode=3 [1=Basic 2=CPU 3=Perf 4=Size 5=I/O 6=Cmds]
프로세스의 전체 실행 명령어를 확인하려면 6 키를 누르면 되고 다시 CPU 중심 화면으로 돌아가려면 2 또는 3 키를 누르면 됨

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(6 입력)
  Top-Processes-(1128) ----Mode=6  [1=Basic 2=CPU 3=Perf 4=Size 5=I/6=Cmds]---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 Procs    %usr      %sys     Res      Res      Char Paging Command
 Total=137                Text-KB  Data-KB   I/O-KB
    96    9.4571 2373.2297       0   43008        0      0 wait
     2    5.8057    0.5188  392424  164596        0    840 orarootagent.bin
   369    5.4957    0.8017 97859456 5999972       56      1 oracle
     1    0.5631    1.3007       8  141396     1135      1 osysmond.bin
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

 

 

참고1. 참고로 nmon에서 현재 표시 중인 항목을 제거하려면 해당 항목의 단축키를 다시 누르면 됨
CPU 화면 제거 : c 또는 C
메모리 화면 제거 : m
Top Process 화면 제거 : t

 

 

참고2. 본문에서 사용하지 않은 nmon 단축키 결과
대표적인 nmon 단축키
P : Paging Space 사용 현황을 표시함
d : 디스크별 사용률과 처리량을 표시함
D : 디스크의 상세 I/O 정보를 표시함
n : 네트워크 인터페이스별 송수신량을 표시함
p : LPAR, Entitled Capacity, Physical CPU 등의 정보를 표시함
j : 파일시스템 사용률을 표시함
r : 서버명, AIX 버전, CPU, 메모리 등의 시스템 정보를 표시함
q : nmon을 종료함

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(P 입력)
┌─topas_nmon──h=Help─────────────Host=aixdb01────────Refresh=2 secs───17:32.48──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│ Paging-Space ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────│
│    Volume-Group PagingSpace-Name Type LPs  MB    Used IOpending                                                                                                   │
│          rootvg              hd6  LV   39 19968   1%    0    Active    Auto                                                                                       │
│───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────│
│                                                                                                                                                                   │
 
(d 입력)
┌─topas_nmon──r=Resources────────Host=aixdb01────────Refresh=2 secs───17:33.19──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│ Disk-KBytes/second-(K=1024,M=1024*1024) ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────│
│Disk     Busy  Read  Write 0----------25-----------50------------75--------100                                                                                     │
│ Name          KB/s   KB/|           |            |             |          |                                                                                     │
│cd0        0%      0      0|                                                 |                                                                                     │
│hdisk4     0%      1      0|                                                 |                                                                                     │
│hdisk3     0%    136      8|                                                 |                                                                                     │
│hdisk7     0%      0      2|                                                 |                                                                                     │
│hdisk6     0%      1      0|                                                 |                                                                                     │
│hdisk5     0%      1      0|                                                 |                                                                                     │
│hdisk2     0%      0      8|                                                 |                                                                                     │
│hdisk1    10%      0    562|WWWWWW                                           |                                                                                     │
│hdisk0    13%      0    626|WWWWWWW                                          |                                                                                     │
│Totals           139   1207+-----------|------------|-------------|----------+                                                                                     │
│───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────│
 
(D 입력)
┌─topas_nmon──S=WLMsubclasses────Host=aixdb01────────Refresh=2 secs───17:33.29──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│ Disk-KBytes/second-(K=1024,M=1024*1024) ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────│
│Disk     Busy    Read    Write Transfers   Size  Peak%   Peak KB/s qDepth                                                                                          │
│ Name            KB/s    KB/s      /sec   KB           Read+Write or N/A                                                                                           │
│cd0        0%     0.0     0.0       0.0    0.0      0%       0.0       --                                                                                          │
│hdisk4     0%     1.0     0.5       3.0    0.5      1%       4.5       --                                                                                          │
│hdisk3     0%     0.0     0.0       0.0    0.0      1%     352.0       --                                                                                          │
│hdisk7     0%     0.0     0.0       0.0    0.0      0%       4.0       --                                                                                          │
│hdisk6     0%     1.0     0.5       3.0    0.5      0%       4.5       --                                                                                          │
│hdisk5     0%     1.0     0.5       3.0    0.5      0%       4.5       --                                                                                          │
│hdisk2     0%     4.0     0.0       1.0    4.0      3%    1427.9       --                                                                                          │
│hdisk1     4%     0.0    48.0      12.0    4.0     35%     562.0       --                                                                                          │
│hdisk0     8%     0.0    48.0      12.0    4.0     33%     626.0       --                                                                                          │
│Totals(MB/s) Read=0.0   Write=0.1   Size(GB)=0     Free(GB)=0                                                                                                      │
│───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────│
 
(n 입력)
┌─topas_nmon──2=Top-Child-CPU────Host=aixdb01────────Refresh=2 secs───17:33.43──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│ Network ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────│
│I/F Name Recv=KB/s Trans=KB/s packin packout insize outsize Peak->Recv TransKB                                                                                     │
│    en0       0.4       1.3      7.0     11.5   52.6  114.2        0.5     1.4                                                                                     │
│    en3    1226.6    1047.2    896.0    772.0 1401.8 1389.1     1226.6  1047.2                                                                                     │
│    lo0       1.6       1.6     13.5     13.5  123.1  123.1        1.6     1.6                                                                                     │
│  Total       1.2       1.0 in Mbytes/second   Overflow=0                                                                                                          │
│I/F Name  MTU  ierror oerror collision Mbits/s Description                                                                                                         │
│    en0   1500      0      0      0   1024 Standard Ethernet Network Interface                                                                                     │
│    en3   1500      0      0      0   1024 Standard Ethernet Network Interface                                                                                     │
│    lo0  16896      0      0      0      0 Loopback Network Interface                                                                                              │
 
(p 입력)
┌─topas_nmon──r=Resources────────Host=aixdb01────────Refresh=2 secs───17:34.24──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│ Dedicated-CPU-Logical-Partition ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────│
│Partition:Number=1 "68-7538X"                                                                                                                                      │
│Flags:LPARed DRable SMT Dedicated Sharable Migratable Not-Donating.                                                                                                │
│Summary: Entitled=24.00  Used    23.98 ( 99.9%) 99.9% of CPUs in System                                                                                            │
│                                                                                                                                                                   │
│CPU-Stats---------   Capacity----------------  ID-Memory--------------------                                                                                       │
│max Phys in sys  24  Cap. Processor Min  1.00  SPLPAR Group:Pool  32769:65535                                                                                      │
│Phys CPU in sys  24  Cap. Processor Max 24.00  Memory(MB) Min:Max  256:32768                                                                                       │
│Virtual Online   24  Cap. Increment      1.00  Memory(MB) Online   29952                                                                                           │
│Logical Online   96  Cap. Unallocated    0.00  Memory Region LMB   128MB min                                                                                       │
│Physical pool     0  Cap. Entitled      24.00  Time------------------Seconds                                                                                       │
│SMT threads/CPU   4   -MinReqVirtualCPU  1.00  Time Dispatch Wheel    0.0000                                                                                       │
│CPU---------Min-Max  Weight------------------  MaxDispatch Latency    0.0000                                                                                       │
│Virtual       1  24  Weight Variable        0  Time Pool Idle         0.0000                                                                                       │
│Logical       1 192  Weight Unallocated     0  Time Total Dispatch   23.9803                                                                                       │
│---------------------------------------------------------------------------                                                                                        │
│Event= 0 ---    ---     SerialNo Old=---    Current=FB7538 When=---                                                                                                │
│---------------------------------------------------------------------------                                                                                        │
│Shared_Pools   MaxPoolCapacity= 0.00     No Shared CPU Pool Authority                                                                                              │
│SharedCPU=0    EntPoolCapacity= 0.00     No Shared CPU Pool Authority                                                                                              │
│───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────│
 
(j 입력)
┌─topas_nmon──h=Help─────────────Host=aixdb01────────Refresh=2 secs───17:34.45──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│ File-System ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────│
│Filesystem (    11)  Size MB     Free MB  %Used %Inodes   MountPoint                                                                                               │
/dev/hd4          102400.0     45538.7  55.5%   0.6/                                                                                                             │
/dev/hd1             512.0       185.8  63.7%   2.0/home                                                                                                         │
/dev/hd2           20480.0     11710.3  42.8%   5.9/usr                                                                                                          │
/dev/hd9var         5120.0      4984.4   2.6%   0.1/var                                                                                                          │
/dev/hd3           10240.0      9378.6   8.4%   0.1/tmp                                                                                                          │
/dev/LV_oraDB     204288.0     76876.9  62.4%   0.9/u01                                                                                                          │
/dev/hd11admin       512.0       511.6   0.1%   0.0/admin                                                                                                        │
/proc                  0.0         0.0 100.0100.0/proc                                                                                                         │
/dev/hd10opt       10240.0      8172.4  20.2%   1.1/opt                                                                                                          │
/dev/fwdump         1536.0      1535.4   0.0%   0.0/var/adm/ras/platform                                                                                         │
/dev/livedump        512.0       511.6   0.1%   0.0/var/adm/ras/livedump                                                                                         │
│───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────│
 
(r 입력)
┌─topas_nmon──p=Partitions───────Host=aixdb01────────Refresh=2 secs───17:35.13──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│ Resources ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────│
│OS has 96 PowerPC_POWER8 (64 bit) CPUs with 96 CPUs active SMT=4                                                                                                   │
│CPU Speed 3525.0 MHz         SerialNumber=687538X MachineType=IBM,8286-42A                                                                                         │
│Logical partition=Dynamic    HMC-LPAR-Number&Name=1,68-7538X                                                                                                       │
│AIX Version=7.2.5.105 TL05 Kernel=64 bit Multi-Processor                                                                                                           │
│Power Saving=Disabled             CPU-Current-Speed 3525.0 MHz                                                                                                     │
│Hardware-Type(NIM)=CHRP=Common H/W Reference Platform Bus-Type=PCI                                                                                                 │
│CPU Architecture  =PowerPC Implementation=POWER8 SubProcessor Mode=Unknown                                                                                         │
│CPU Level 1 Cache is Combined Instruction=32768 bytes & Data=65536 bytes                                                                                           │
│    Level 2 Cache size=524288          Node=aixdb01                                                                                                                │
│Event= 0 ---    ---     SerialNo Old=---    Current=FB7538 When=---                                                                                                │
│───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────│

 

 

결론 :
AIX에서 간단한 시스템 상태를 확인할 때는 topas 명령어를 사용할 수 있지만 여러 자원 정보를 원하는 형태로 구성하여 확인하려면 nmon 명령어가 더 유용함
특히 CPU 사용률 그래프와 메모리 상태를 확인하면서 CPU 사용률이 높은 프로세스를 한 화면에서 함께 확인할 수 있어 시스템 부하나 성능 문제를 분석할 때 편리함
nmon -B -s 2 명령어를 실행한 뒤 C, m, t 키를 조합하면 CPU, 메모리, Top Process 정보를 실시간으로 한 화면에서 확인할 수 있음
필요한 항목만 선택하여 표시할 수 있고 화면 갱신 주기도 조정할 수 있어 AIX 시스템 모니터링 시 유용하게 활용할 수 있음

 

 

참조 : 

https://www.ibm.com/docs/ko/aix/7.2.0?topic=n-nmon-command
https://blog.innern.net/106