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Oracle 23ai 신기능
무료 세미나 발표자료
OS환경 : Oracle Linux 5.8 (64bit)
DB 환경 : Oracle Database 10.2.0.5, 19.6.0.0
방법 : 오라클 일반 테이블과 blob 테이블 생성, 데이터 삭제 후 datapump 테스트
테스트 내용
1. 일반 테이블 테스트
일반 테이블의 segment를 약 2GB로 만든 뒤 아래 항목을 비교함
1_1. datapump로 expdp estimate_only=yes 의 예상용량
1_2. datapump로 expdp 한 뒤 만들어진 실제용량
일반 테이블을 delete 구문으로 50%를 삭제한 뒤 아래 항목을 비교함
1_3. datapump로 expdp estimate_only=yes 의 예상용량
1_4. datapump로 expdp 한 뒤 만들어진 실제용량
2. blob 테이블 테스트
blob 테이블의 segment를 약 2GB로 만든 뒤 아래 항목을 비교함
2_1. datapump로 expdp estimate_only=yes 의 예상용량
2_2. datapump로 expdp 한 뒤 만들어진 실제용량
blob 테이블을 delete 구문으로 50%를 삭제한 뒤 아래 항목을 비교함
2_3. datapump로 expdp estimate_only=yes 의 예상용량
2_4. datapump로 expdp 한 뒤 만들어진 실제용량
환경구성
datapump용 디렉토리 생성
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 | SQL> create directory hwmdir as '/home/oracle/'; Directory created. SQL> grant read, write on directory hwmdir to public; Grant succeeded. |
테이블 스페이스 생성
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 | SQL> create tablespace hwmtest_ts datafile '/oracle/app/oracle/oradata/ORCL10/hwmtest_ts01.dbf' size 3g autoextend off; Tablespace created. SQL> select name from v$tablespace; NAME ------------------------------ SYSTEM UNDOTBS1 SYSAUX TEMP USERS HWMTEST_TS 6 rows selected. |
유저 생성
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 | SQL> create user hwmuser identified by hwmuser account unlock default tablespace hwmtest_ts quota unlimited on hwmtest_ts; User created. SQL> grant resource, connect to hwmuser; Grant succeeded. |
1. 일반 테이블 테스트
테이블(nologging) 생성 및 데이터 삽입
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 | SQL> conn hwmuser/hwmuser Connected. SQL> create table hwm_table (c1 varchar2(10), c2 varchar2(10), c3 varchar2(10)); Table created. SQL> insert into hwm_table values ('AAAAAAAAAA','BBBBBBBBBB','CCCCCCCCCC'); 1 row created. SQL> insert into hwm_table select * from hwm_table; 1 row created. SQL> / SQL> / . 16777216 rows created 까지 반복 . SQL> / 16777216 rows created. rownum 기준으로 16000000 row insert SQL> insert into hwm_table select * from hwm_table where rownum <=16000000; 16000000 rows created. SQL> commit; Commit complete. SQL> select count(*) from hwm_table; COUNT(*) ---------- 49554432 |
세션2 sys 계정
통계정보 수집
1 2 3 | SQL> exec dbms_stats.gather_table_stats('HWMUSER','HWM_TABLE'); PL/SQL procedure successfully completed. |
용량 확인
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 | SQL> col segment_name for a16 select segment_name, blocks, bytes/1024/1024 mb from dba_segments where segment_name in ('HWM_TABLE'); SEGMENT_NAME BLOCKS MB ---------------- ---------- ---------- HWM_TABLE 262144 2048 |
테이블이 2GB로 만들어짐
실제사용 BLOCK 확인
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 | SQL> select count(distinct dbms_rowid.rowid_block_number(rowid)|| dbms_rowid.rowid_relative_fno(rowid)) "used" from hwmuser.hwm_table; used ---------- 259448 |
1_1. datapump로 expdp estimate_only=yes 의 예상용량 확인
datapump로 expdp 실행
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 | $ expdp hwmuser/hwmuser directory=hwmdir logfile=hwm_table1_1.log tables=hwm_table estimate_only=yes Export: Release 10.2.0.5.0 - 64bit Production on Wednesday, 05 August, 2020 10:55:05 Copyright (c) 2003, 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved. Connected to: Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.5.0 - 64bit Production With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options Starting "HWMUSER"."SYS_EXPORT_TABLE_01": hwmuser/******** directory=hwmdir logfile=hwm_table1_1.log tables=hwm_table estimate_only=yes Estimate in progress using BLOCKS method... Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE_DATA . estimated "HWMUSER"."HWM_TABLE" 2 GB Total estimation using BLOCKS method: 2 GB Job "HWMUSER"."SYS_EXPORT_TABLE_01" successfully completed at 10:55:06 |
예상용량(estimated)을 2GB로 측정함
1_2. datapump로 expdp 한 뒤 만들어진 실제용량 확인
datapump로 expdp 실행
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 | $ expdp hwmuser/hwmuser directory=hwmdir dumpfile=hwm_table1_2.dat logfile=hwm_table1_2.log tables=hwm_table Export: Release 10.2.0.5.0 - 64bit Production on Wednesday, 05 August, 2020 10:57:13 Copyright (c) 2003, 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved. Connected to: Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.5.0 - 64bit Production With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options Starting "HWMUSER"."SYS_EXPORT_TABLE_01": hwmuser/******** directory=hwmdir dumpfile=hwm_table1_2.dat logfile=hwm_table1_2.log tables=hwm_table Estimate in progress using BLOCKS method... Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE_DATA Total estimation using BLOCKS method: 2 GB Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE . . exported "HWMUSER"."HWM_TABLE" 1.707 GB 49554432 rows Master table "HWMUSER"."SYS_EXPORT_TABLE_01" successfully loaded/unloaded ****************************************************************************** Dump file set for HWMUSER.SYS_EXPORT_TABLE_01 is: /home/oracle/hwm_table1_2.dat Job "HWMUSER"."SYS_EXPORT_TABLE_01" successfully completed at 10:57:27 |
예상용량(estimated)은 2GB 이지만
실제 export 된 용량은 1.7GB임
다음 테스트를 위해 hwm_table의 데이터 50% delete
1 2 3 | SQL> delete hwm_table where rownum <= 24777216; 24777216 rows deleted. |
ORA-30036: unable to extend segment by 8 in undo tablespace 'UNDOTBS1' 가 발생하는경우
undo tbs가 작아서 한번에 삭제가 안된다면 아래 방법 사용(4번에 나눠서 작업)
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 | SQL> delete hwm_table where rownum <= 6194304; 6194304 rows deleted. SQL> commit; Commit complete. SQL> delete hwm_table where rownum <= 6194304; 6194304 rows deleted. SQL> commit; Commit complete. SQL> delete hwm_table where rownum <= 6194304; 6194304 rows deleted. SQL> commit; Commit complete. SQL> delete hwm_table where rownum <= 6194304; 6194304 rows deleted. |
테이블 count 확인
1 2 3 4 5 | SQL> select count(*) from hwm_table; COUNT(*) ---------- 24777216 |
49554432 에서 24777216(50%)만 남음
세션2 sys 계정
통계정보 수집
1 2 3 | SQL> exec dbms_stats.gather_table_stats('HWMUSER','HWM_TABLE'); PL/SQL procedure successfully completed. |
용량 확인
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 | SQL> col segment_name for a16 select segment_name, blocks, bytes/1024/1024 mb from dba_segments where segment_name in ('HWM_TABLE'); SEGMENT_NAME BLOCKS MB ---------------- ---------- ---------- HWM_TABLE 262144 2048 |
dba_segments의 blocks와 용량은 변함없음
실제사용 BLOCK 확인
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 | SQL> select count(distinct dbms_rowid.rowid_block_number(rowid)|| dbms_rowid.rowid_relative_fno(rowid)) "used" from hwmuser.hwm_table; used ---------- 129725 |
delete 전 후 실제사용 BLOCK 비교
delete 작업 후 테이블 DBA_SEGMETNS의 BLOCK 수는 delete 작업 전과 동일하지만(262144)
실제 사용 BLOCK은 259448에서 129725로 줄어든것을 확인할 수 있음
이는 HWM 까지 사용하고 있다고 표시하고 있기 때문
이렇게 블록의 크기와 실제사용 블록의 크기가 차이가 많이 나면 HWM를 줄여주는 것이 좋음
(참조 https://positivemh.tistory.com/350)
1_3. datapump로 expdp estimate_only=yes 의 예상용량 확인
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 | $ expdp hwmuser/hwmuser directory=hwmdir logfile=hwm_table1_3.log tables=hwm_table estimate_only=yes Export: Release 10.2.0.5.0 - 64bit Production on Wednesday, 05 August, 2020 11:49:24 Copyright (c) 2003, 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved. Connected to: Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.5.0 - 64bit Production With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options Starting "HWMUSER"."SYS_EXPORT_TABLE_01": hwmuser/******** directory=hwmdir logfile=hwm_table1_3.log tables=hwm_table estimate_only=yes Estimate in progress using BLOCKS method... Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE_DATA . estimated "HWMUSER"."HWM_TABLE" 2 GB Total estimation using BLOCKS method: 2 GB Job "HWMUSER"."SYS_EXPORT_TABLE_01" successfully completed at 11:49:28 |
50%을 지웠지만 예상용량(estimated)을 2GB로 측정함
1_4. datapump로 expdp 한 뒤 만들어진 실제용량 확인
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 | $ expdp hwmuser/hwmuser directory=hwmdir dumpfile=hwm_table1_4.dat logfile=hwm_table1_4.log tables=hwm_table Export: Release 10.2.0.5.0 - 64bit Production on Wednesday, 05 August, 2020 11:53:30 Copyright (c) 2003, 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved. Connected to: Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.5.0 - 64bit Production With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options Starting "HWMUSER"."SYS_EXPORT_TABLE_01": hwmuser/******** directory=hwmdir dumpfile=hwm_table1_4.dat logfile=hwm_table1_4.log tables=hwm_table Estimate in progress using BLOCKS method... Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE_DATA Total estimation using BLOCKS method: 2 GB Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE . . exported "HWMUSER"."HWM_TABLE" 874.2 MB 24777216 rows Master table "HWMUSER"."SYS_EXPORT_TABLE_01" successfully loaded/unloaded ****************************************************************************** Dump file set for HWMUSER.SYS_EXPORT_TABLE_01 is: /home/oracle/hwm_table1_4.dat Job "HWMUSER"."SYS_EXPORT_TABLE_01" successfully completed at 11:53:42 |
예상용량(estimated)은 2GB 이지만
실제 export 된 용량은 874MB임
결론
datapump 시 estimate_only로 나온 예상용량은 dba_segments 의 bytes 용량과 동일하게 나오지만
실제로 datapump로 받아진 용량은 bytes 용량보다 같거나 더 작을수 있음
blob 테이블 테스트
일반 테이블을 담은 테이블 스페이스를 재사용할 예정이기 때문에
먼저 일반 테이블 삭제
1 2 3 | SQL> drop table hwm_table purge; Table dropped. |
blob 테이블 생성 및 데이터 삽입
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 | SQL> conn hwmuser/hwmuser Connected. SQL> create table hwm_table_blob (c1 blob, c2 blob, c3 blob); Table created. SQL> insert into hwm_table_blob values (utl_raw.cast_to_raw('hello1'),utl_raw.cast_to_raw('hello2'),utl_raw.cast_to_raw('hello3')); 1 row created. SQL> insert into hwm_table_blob select * from hwm_table_blob; 1 row created. SQL> / SQL> / . 4194304 rows created 나올때 까지 반복 . SQL> / 4194304 rows created. rownum 기준으로 6700000 row insert SQL> insert into hwm_table_blob select * from hwm_table_blob where rownum <= 6700000; 6700000 rows created. SQL> commit; Commit complete. SQL> select count(*) from hwm_table_blob; COUNT(*) ---------- 15088608 |
세션2 sys 계정
통계정보 수집
1 2 3 | SQL> exec dbms_stats.gather_table_stats('HWMUSER','HWM_TABLE_BLOB'); PL/SQL procedure successfully completed. |
용량 확인
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 | SQL> col segment_name for a16 select segment_name, blocks, bytes/1024/1024 mb from dba_segments where segment_name in ('HWM_TABLE_BLOB'); SEGMENT_NAME BLOCKS MB ---------------- ---------- ---------- HWM_TABLE_BLOB 286720 2240 |
테이블이 2.1GB로 만들어짐
실제사용 BLOCK 확인
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 | SQL> select count(distinct dbms_rowid.rowid_block_number(rowid)|| dbms_rowid.rowid_relative_fno(rowid)) "used" from hwmuser.hwm_table_blob; used ---------- 279419 |
2_1. datapump로 expdp estimate_only=yes 의 예상용량
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 | $ expdp hwmuser/hwmuser directory=hwmdir logfile=hwm_table2_1.log tables=hwm_table_blob estimate_only=yes Export: Release 10.2.0.5.0 - 64bit Production on Wednesday, 05 August, 2020 15:42:23 Copyright (c) 2003, 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved. Connected to: Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.5.0 - 64bit Production With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options Starting "HWMUSER"."SYS_EXPORT_TABLE_01": hwmuser/******** directory=hwmdir logfile=hwm_table2_1.log tables=hwm_table_blob estimate_only=yes Estimate in progress using BLOCKS method... Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE_DATA . estimated "HWMUSER"."HWM_TABLE_BLOB" 2.187 GB Total estimation using BLOCKS method: 2.187 GB Job "HWMUSER"."SYS_EXPORT_TABLE_01" successfully completed at 15:42:24 |
예상용량(estimated)을 2.1GB로 측정함
2_2. datapump로 expdp 한 뒤 만들어진 실제용량
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 | $ expdp hwmuser/hwmuser directory=hwmdir dumpfile=hwm_table2_2.dat logfile=hwm_table2_2.log tables=hwm_table_blob Export: Release 10.2.0.5.0 - 64bit Production on Wednesday, 05 August, 2020 15:44:01 Copyright (c) 2003, 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved. Connected to: Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.5.0 - 64bit Production With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options Starting "HWMUSER"."SYS_EXPORT_TABLE_01": hwmuser/'********' directory=hwmdir dumpfile=hwm_table2_2.dat logfile=hwm_table2_2.log tables=hwm_table_blob Estimate in progress using BLOCKS method... Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE_DATA Total estimation using BLOCKS method: 2.187 GB Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/STATISTICS/TABLE_STATISTICS . . exported "HWMUSER"."HWM_TABLE_BLOB" 474.8 MB 15088608 rows Master table "HWMUSER"."SYS_EXPORT_TABLE_01" successfully loaded/unloaded ****************************************************************************** Dump file set for HWMUSER.SYS_EXPORT_TABLE_01 is: /home/oracle/hwm_table2_2.dat Job "HWMUSER"."SYS_EXPORT_TABLE_01" successfully completed at 15:44:29 |
예상용량(estimated)은 2.1GB 이지만
실제 export 된 용량은 470MB임
아직 delete를 하지도 않았는데 blob 타입이어서 그런지 datapump 실행시 2.1GB에서 470MB로 줄었음
다음 테스트를 위해 hwm_table_blob의 데이터 50% delete
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 | SQL> delete hwm_table_blob where rownum <= 7544304; 7544304 rows deleted. SQL> commit; Commit complete. |
ORA-30036: unable to extend segment by 8 in undo tablespace 'UNDOTBS1' 가 발생하는경우
undo tbs가 작아서 한번에 삭제가 안된다면 아래 방법 사용(4번에 나눠서 작업)
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 | SQL> delete hwm_table_blob where rownum <= 1886076; 1886076 rows deleted. SQL> commit; Commit complete. SQL> delete hwm_table_blob where rownum <= 1886076; 1886076 rows deleted. SQL> commit; Commit complete. SQL> delete hwm_table_blob where rownum <= 1886076; 1886076 rows deleted. SQL> commit; Commit complete. SQL> delete hwm_table_blob where rownum <= 1886076; 1886076 rows deleted. |
테이블 count 확인
1 2 3 4 5 | SQL> select count(*) from hwm_table_blob; COUNT(*) ---------- 7544304 |
15088608에서 7544304(50%)만 남음
세션2 sys 계정
통계정보 수집
1 2 3 | SQL> exec dbms_stats.gather_table_stats('HWMUSER','HWM_TABLE_BLOB'); PL/SQL procedure successfully completed. |
용량 확인
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 | SQL> col segment_name for a16 select segment_name, blocks, bytes/1024/1024 mb from dba_segments where segment_name in ('HWM_TABLE_BLOB'); SEGMENT_NAME BLOCKS MB ---------------- ---------- ---------- HWM_TABLE_BLOB 286720 2240 |
dba_segments의 blocks와 용량은 변함없음
실제사용 BLOCK 확인
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 | SQL> select count(distinct dbms_rowid.rowid_block_number(rowid)|| dbms_rowid.rowid_relative_fno(rowid)) "used" from hwmuser.hwm_table_blob; used ---------- 139710 |
delete 전 후 실제사용 BLOCK 비교
delete 작업 후 테이블 DBA_SEGMETNS의 BLOCK 수는 delete 작업 전과 동일하지만(286720)
실제 사용 BLOCK은 279419에서 139710로 줄어든것을 확인할 수 있음
이는 HWM 까지 사용하고 있다고 표시하고 있기 때문
이렇게 블록의 크기와 실제사용 블록의 크기가 차이가 많이 나면 HWM를 줄여주는 것이 좋음
(참조 https://positivemh.tistory.com/350)
2_3. datapump로 expdp estimate_only=yes 의 예상용량
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 | $ expdp hwmuser/hwmuser directory=hwmdir logfile=hwm_table2_3.log tables=hwm_table_blob estimate_only=yes Export: Release 10.2.0.5.0 - 64bit Production on Thursday, 06 August, 2020 17:28:54 Copyright (c) 2003, 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved. Connected to: Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.5.0 - 64bit Production With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options Starting "HWMUSER"."SYS_EXPORT_TABLE_01": hwmuser/******** directory=hwmdir logfile=hwm_table2_3.log tables=hwm_table_blob estimate_only=yes Estimate in progress using BLOCKS method... Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE_DATA . estimated "HWMUSER"."HWM_TABLE_BLOB" 2.187 GB Total estimation using BLOCKS method: 2.187 GB Job "HWMUSER"."SYS_EXPORT_TABLE_01" successfully completed at 17:28:57 |
50%을 지웠지만 예상용량(estimated)을 2.1GB로 측정함
2_4. datapump로 expdp 한 뒤 만들어진 실제용량
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 | $ expdp hwmuser/hwmuser directory=hwmdir dumpfile=hwm_table2_4.dat logfile=hwm_table2_4.log tables=hwm_table_blob Export: Release 10.2.0.5.0 - 64bit Production on Thursday, 06 August, 2020 17:29:13 Copyright (c) 2003, 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved. Connected to: Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.5.0 - 64bit Production With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options Starting "HWMUSER"."SYS_EXPORT_TABLE_01": hwmuser/******** directory=hwmdir dumpfile=hwm_table2_4.dat logfile=hwm_table2_4.log tables=hwm_table_blob Estimate in progress using BLOCKS method... Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE_DATA Total estimation using BLOCKS method: 2.187 GB Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/STATISTICS/TABLE_STATISTICS . . exported "HWMUSER"."HWM_TABLE_BLOB" 237.4 MB 7544304 rows Master table "HWMUSER"."SYS_EXPORT_TABLE_01" successfully loaded/unloaded ****************************************************************************** Dump file set for HWMUSER.SYS_EXPORT_TABLE_01 is: /home/oracle/hwm_table2_4.dat Job "HWMUSER"."SYS_EXPORT_TABLE_01" successfully completed at 17:29:29 |
예상용량(estimated)은 2.1GB 이지만
실제 export 된 용량은 237MB임
delete 전 일반 테이블과 blob 테이블 dba_segments blobks, 용량 비교(1-1, 1-2, 2-1, 2-2 부분)
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 | SQL> col segment_name for a16 select segment_name, blocks, bytes/1024/1024 mb from dba_segments where segment_name in ('HWM_TABLE','HWM_TABLE_BLOB'); SEGMENT_NAME BLOCKS MB ---------------- ---------- ---------- HWM_TABLE 262144 2048 HWM_TABLE_BLOB 286720 2240 |
delete 전 일반 테이블과 blob 테이블 데이터 건수 비교(1-1, 1-2, 2-1, 2-2 부분)
1 2 | . . exported "HWMUSER"."HWM_TABLE" 874.2 MB 24777216 rows . . exported "HWMUSER"."HWM_TABLE_BLOB" 474.8 MB 15088608 rows |
dba_segments 기준 같은 2GB를 export 했을 때
rows를 보면 일반테이블은 2천4백만건, blob 테이블은 1천5백만건 정도임
rows 가 차이 나지만 실제 사용 blocks 수는 별반차이가 나지않음 그에따라 용량도 비슷함
blob 데이터 건수가 일반테이블 건수보다 작아서 실제 export 시 받아지는 용량도 작음
데이터 건수를 동일하게 맞추면 비슷한 용량으로 받아짐
일반 테이블과 blob 테이블의 용량 차이가 나는 이유는
blob 테이블에 데이터 삽입시 사용한 utl_raw.cast_to_raw() 함수 때문임
12자리값으로 변환해서 insert 한것
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 | SQL> col before for a20 col after for a20 select 'hello1' as "before", utl_raw.cast_to_raw('hello1') as "after" from dual; before after -------------------- -------------------- hello1 68656C6C6F31 select utl_raw.cast_to_varchar2('68656C6C6F31') as "before" from dual; before -------------------- hello1 |
문자열 수 때문에 차이가 나는것 같아서(일반테이블 varchar2(10), blob 데이터 12자리)
이후 일반테이블 insert 시 varchar2(12)로 만든 뒤 테스트를 해보았지만
똑같이 blob 테이블(utl_raw.cast_to_raw로 insert)이 용량을 더 많이 차지하는 것을 확인하였음
결론
datapump 시 estimate_only로 나온 예상용량은 dba_segments 의 bytes 용량과 동일하게 나오지만
실제로 datapump로 받아진 용량은 bytes 용량보다 같거나 더 작을수 있음
blob 데이터(정확히는 utl_raw.cast_to_raw로 삽입된 데이터)가 일반 데이터보다 용량을 더 많이 차지함
(blob 데이터에 블록을 더 할당하는듯함)
19c 에서도 똑같이 blob 형식의 데이터를 delete 했을 때 실제 사용 BLOCK과 expdp 시 용량이 줄어듬
참고 - 19c에서 똑같은 방식으로 테스트 한 내용
실제 사용 BLOCK 수 비교
19c 에서도 delete 작업 후 테이블 DBA_SEGMETNS의 BLOCK 수는 delete 작업 전과 동일하지만
실제 사용 BLOCK은 270601에서 148919로 줄어든것을 확인할 수 있음
datapump 비교
19c delete 전 expdp
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 | $ expdp hwmuser/hwmuser directory=hwmdir dumpfile=hwm_table2_2.dat logfile=hwm_table2_2.log tables=hwm_table_blob Export: Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production on Wed Aug 5 17:29:42 2020 Version 19.3.0.0.0 Copyright (c) 1982, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Connected to: Oracle Database 19c Enterprise Edition Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production Starting "HWMUSER"."SYS_EXPORT_TABLE_01": hwmuser/'********' directory=hwmdir dumpfile=hwm_table2_2.dat logfile=hwm_table2_2.log tables=hwm_table_blob Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE_DATA Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/STATISTICS/INDEX_STATISTICS Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/STATISTICS/TABLE_STATISTICS Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/STATISTICS/MARKER Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE . . exported "HWMUSER"."HWM_TABLE_BLOB" 528.0 MB 16777216 rows Master table "HWMUSER"."SYS_EXPORT_TABLE_01" successfully loaded/unloaded ****************************************************************************** Dump file set for HWMUSER.SYS_EXPORT_TABLE_01 is: /home/oracle/hwm_table2_2.dat Job "HWMUSER"."SYS_EXPORT_TABLE_01" successfully completed at Wed Aug 5 17:32:57 2020 elapsed 0 00:03:07 |
528MB export 됨
19c delete 후 expdp
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 | $ expdp hwmuser/hwmuser directory=hwmdir dumpfile=hwm_table2_4.dat logfile=hwm_table2_4.log tables=hwm_table_blob Export: Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production on Wed Aug 5 17:50:04 2020 Version 19.3.0.0.0 Copyright (c) 1982, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Connected to: Oracle Database 19c Enterprise Edition Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production Starting "HWMUSER"."SYS_EXPORT_TABLE_01": hwmuser/******** directory=hwmdir dumpfile=hwm_table2_4.dat logfile=hwm_table2_4.log tables=hwm_table_blob Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE_DATA Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/STATISTICS/INDEX_STATISTICS Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/STATISTICS/TABLE_STATISTICS Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/STATISTICS/MARKER Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE . . exported "HWMUSER"."HWM_TABLE_BLOB" 290.5 MB 9232912 rows Master table "HWMUSER"."SYS_EXPORT_TABLE_01" successfully loaded/unloaded ****************************************************************************** Dump file set for HWMUSER.SYS_EXPORT_TABLE_01 is: /home/oracle/hwm_table2_4.dat Job "HWMUSER"."SYS_EXPORT_TABLE_01" successfully completed at Wed Aug 5 17:51:56 2020 elapsed 0 00:01:50 |
290MB export 됨
delete 전에는 528MB 였지만 delete 후 약 50%정도 줄어듬
참고용
데이터 삽입시간이 너무 오래걸려서 취소한 내용(blob 테이블에 이미지 넣는 구문)
참조 : https://seul96.tistory.com/166
https://hrjeong.tistory.com/230
https://positivemh.tistory.com/183
https://docs.oracle.com/database/121/SUTIL/GUID-3DF4A0F1-385B-4749-99D3-A9C3F9706C0B.htm#SUTIL846
https://positivemh.tistory.com/377http://dbcafe.co.kr/wiki/index.php/%EC%98%A4%EB%9D%BC%ED%81%B4_LOB_%EC%9D%B4%EA%B4%80
https://positivemh.tistory.com/356
https://docs.oracle.com/database/121/WSMQG/app_urpkg.htm#WSMQG293
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